Zain's Guide to Overthinking Everything

  Notes on The Basics of Stoicism     Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy that developed in Ancient Greece and Rome. For them, the only good that is worth striving for is virtue which is living in agreement with nature. But what does it mean to live in agreement with nature? There is no metaphysics in Stoicism as there is nothing beyond the material world. Even our souls and God or Zeus are composed of passive matter of a refined fire. Yet there is an active intelligent principle that orders the universe. The active principle that orders is the logos or a universal principle of reason or pneuma and is intelligent and identified with God which permeates everything. The whole of everything is in sympathy with itself as it extends throughout materially. Therefore, if reason is God which permeates through everything then nature itself is perfect and ordered deterministically that must be appreciated. Humans participate through having a rational mind. This is what i...

  Notes on the Basics of Nietzsche Friedrich Nietzsche, a 19th-century German philosopher, is known for his radical and thought-provoking ideas that continue to influence modern philosophy. In this blog post, we will explore the fundamental concepts of Nietzsche's philosophy. Nietzsche constructed a genealogy for morality that is upheld in modern society. The initial form of morality was set by a warrior aristocracy and other ruling castes of ancient civilizations. Aristocratic values of good and bad coincided with their relationship to lower classes. Thus the moral values were that of strength and power. He believed that those who lacked power and authority resented those who held it, leading to a moral inversion. This inversion resulted in a society where once-weak qualities became virtues, and attributes of strength and pride were deemed immoral. This is known as the “Slave Revolt in Morality”. He believed that those who were historically powerless i.e slaves, such as the Jews a...